Publications

1. Bae TH, Sung KW, Pham TM, Najy AJ, Zamiri A, Jang H, Mun SR, Kim S, Kwon HK, Son YS, Shi D, Kregel S, Heath EI, Cher ML, Kwon YT , Kim HC. An Autophagy-Targeting Chimera Induces Degradation of Androgen Receptor Mutants and AR-v7 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res. 

1. Jung CH, Lee YJ, Cho EH, Lee GE, Kim ST, Sung KS, Kim D, Kim DH, Son YS, Ahn JH, Han D, Kwon YT. The N-degron pathway mediates the autophagic degradation of cytosolic mitochondrial DNA during sterile innate immune responses Cell Rep 
2. Lan X, Huang W, Kim SB, Fu D, Abeywansha T, Lou J, Balamurugan U, Kwon YT, Ji CH, Taylor DJ, Zhang Y. Oligomerization and a distinct tRNA-binding loop are important regulators of human arginyl-transferase function Nat Commun. 
3. Lee J, Yoon D, Sung KW, Bae EJ, Park DH, Suh YH, Kwon YT. Targeted degradation of SNCA/α-synuclein aggregates in neurodegeneration using the AUTOTAC chemical platform Autophagy 

1. Jung EJ, Sung KW, Bae TH, Kim H, Choi HR, Kim SH, Jung CH, Mun SR, Son YS, Kim S, Suh YH, Kashina A, Park J, Kwon YT. The N-degron pathway mediates lipophagy: The chemical modulation of lipophagy in obesity and NAFLD Metabolism 
2. Choi WH, Yun Y, Byun I, Kim S, Lee S, Sim J, Levi S, Park SH, Jun J, Kleifeld O, Kim KP, Han D, Chiba T, Seok C, Kwon YT, Glickman MH, Lee MJ. ECPAS/Ecm29-mediated 26S proteasome disassembly is an adaptive response to glucose starvation Cell Rep. 
3. Lee J, Sung KW, Bae E, Yoon D, Kim D, Lee JS, Park D, Park DY, Mun SR, Kwon SC, Kim HY, Min J, Lee S, Suh YH, Kwon YT. Targeted degradation of α-synuclein aggregates in Parkinson's disease using the AUTOTAC technology Molecular Neurodegeneration 
4. Shim SM, Choi HR, Kwon SC, Kim HY, Sung KW, Jung EJ, Mun SR, Bae TH, Kim DH, Son YS, Jung CH, Lee J, Lee MJ, Park J, Kwon YT. The Cys-N-degron pathway modulates pexophagy through the N-terminal oxidation and arginylation of ACAD10 Autophagy 
5. Kwon SC, Lee JH, Kwon YT, Heo AJ. Monitoring the interactions between N-degrons and N-recognins of the Arg/N-degron pathway Methods Enzymol. 
6. Heo AJ, Kim SB, Kwon YT, Ji CH. The N-degron pathway: From basic science to therapeutic applications BBA-Gene Regulatory Mechanisms 
7. Ji CH, Kim SB, Lee MJ, Kwon YT. Monitoring the Activation of Selective Autophagy via N-Terminal Arginylation Methods in Molecular Biology 
8. Ji CH, Lee MJ, Kim SB, Kwon YT Analyzing the Interaction of Arginylated Proteins and Nt-Arg-Mimicking Chemical Compounds to N-Recognins Methods in Molecular Biology 
9. Lee SJ, Kim HY, Lee MJ, Kim SB, Kwon YT, Ji CH. Characterization and chemical modulation of p62/SQSTM1/Sequestosome-1 as an autophagic N-recognin Methods Enzymol. 
10. Heo AJ, Ji CH, Kwon YT. The Cys/N-degron pathway in the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy Trends in Cell Biology 
11. Silwal P, Kim YJ, Lee YJ, Kim IS, Jeon SM, Roh T, Kim JK, Lee MJ, Heo JY, Jo DS, Lee S, Cho D, Kim JM, Kwon YT, Jo EK Chemical mimetics of the N-degron pathway alleviate systemic inflammation by activating mitophagy and immunometabolic remodeling Experimental&Molecular Medicine 
12. Lee MJ, Kim SB, Kim HY, Lee SJ, Lee JS, Kwon YT, Ji CH. Methods to detect AUTOphagyTargeting Chimera (AUTOTAC)-mediated Targeted Protein Degradation in Tauopathies Bio-protocol 

1. Yu, J. E., Kim, S. O., Hwang, J. A., Hong, J. T., Hwang, J., Soung, N. K., Cha-Molstad, H., Kwon, Y. T., Kim, B. Y., & Lee, K. H. Phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser60 by polo-like kinase 1 drives the completion of cytokinesis EMBO Reports, 22(12), Article e51503 
2. Kim H, Yoon H, Heo AJ, Jung EJ, Ji CH, Mun SR, Lee MJ, Kwon YT, Park J. Mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum-phagy accelerated by a p62 ZZ ligand alleviates paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity British Journal of Pharmacology 
3. Hwang YS, Cho HJ, Park ES, Lim J, Yoon HR, Kim J, Yoon SR, Jung H, Choe Y, Kim Y, Lee C, Kwon YT, Kim BY, Lee HG. KLK6/PAR1 Axis Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis by Regulating Cross-Talk between Tumor Cells and Macrophages Cells 
4. Gao, S., Zhang, G., Zhang, Z., Zhu, J. Z., Li, L., Zhou, Y., Rodney, G. G., Abo-Zahrah, R. S., Anderson, L., Garcia, J. M., Kwon, Y. T., & Li, Y. P. UBR2 targets myosin heavy chain IIb and IIx for degradation: Molecular mechanism essential for cancer-induced muscle wasting Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(43), Article e2200215119. 
5. Gao S, Zhang G, Zhag Z, Zhu JZ, Li L, Zhou Y, Jr GGR, Abo-Zahrah RS, Anderson L, Garcia JM, Kwon YT, Li Y UBR2 mediates cancer-induced muscle wasting by selectively targeting glycolytic myosin heavy chain for degradation PNAS 
6. Ji CH, Lee MJ, Kim HY, Heo AJ, Park DY, Kim YK, Kim BY, Kwon YT. Targeted protein degradation via the autophagy-lysosome system: AUTOTAC (AUTOphagy-TArgeting Chimera) Autophagy 
7. Lee YJ, Kim JK, Jung C., Kim YJ, Jung EJ, Lee SH, Choi HR, Son YS, Shim SM, Jeon SM, Choe JH, Lee S, Whang J, Sohn K, Hur GM, Kim HT, Yeom J, Jo EJ, Kwon YT. Chemical modulation of SQSTM1/p62-mediated xenophagy that targets a broad range of pathogenic bacteria Autophagy 
8. Kim HRC, Najy AJ, Kim S, Kwon YT. SQSTM1/p62 as a therapeutic target in cancer Autophagy Reports 
9. Ji CH, Kim HY, Lee MJ, Heo AJ, Park DY, Lim S, Shin S, Yang WS, Jung CA, Kim KY, Jeong EH, Park SH, Bin Kim S, Lee SJ, Na JE, Kang JI, Chi HM, Kim HT, Kim YK, Kim BY, Kwon YT. The AUTOTAC chemical biology platform for targeted protein degradation via the autophagy-lysosome system. Nat Commun. 

1. Yu, J. E., Kim, S. O., Hwang, J. A., Hong, J. T., Hwang, J., Soung, N. K., Cha-Molstad, H., , Kim, B. Y., & Lee, K. H. Phosphorylation of β-catenin Ser60 by polo-like kinase 1 drives the completion of cytokinesis EMBO Reports, 22(12), Article e51503. 
2. Heo AJ, Kim SB, Ji CH, Han D, Lee SJ, Lee SH, Lee MJ, Lee JS, Ciechanover A, Kim BY, Kwon YT The N-terminal cysteine is a dual sensor of oxygen and oxidative stress. PNAS 
3. Lee SH, Cho WJ, Najy AJ, Saliganan AD, Pham T, Rakowski J, Loughery B, Ji CH, Sakr W, Kim S, Kato I, Chung WK, Kim HE, Kwon YT, Kim HC p62/SQSTM1-induced caspase-8 aggresomes are essential for ionizing radiation-mediated apoptosis Cell Death Dis. 
4. Cho, W. J., Kessel, D., Rakowski, J., Loughery, B., Najy, A. J., Pham, T., Kim, S., Kwon, Y. T., Kato, I., Kim, H. E., & Kim, H. R. C. Photodynamic therapy as a potent radiosensitizer in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma Cancers, 13(6), 1-13. Article 1193. 
5. Kang, J. I., Kim, D. H., Sung, K. W., Shim, S. M., Cha-molstad, H., Soung, N. K., Lee, K. H., Hwang, J., Lee, H. G., Kwon, Y. T., & Kim, B. Y. P62-induced cancer-associated fibroblast activation via the Nrf2-ATF6 pathway promotes lung tumorigenesis Cancers, 13(4), 1-25. Article 864. 
6. Jang, M., Hara, S., Kim, G. H., Kim, S. M., Son, S., Kwon, M., Ryoo, I. J., Seo, H., Kim, M. J., Kim, N. D., Soung, N. K., Kwon, Y. T., Kim, B. Y., Osada, H., Jang, J. H., Ko, S. K., & Ahn, J. S. Dutomycin Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis by Targeting the Serine Protease Inhibitor SERPINB6 CS Chemical Biology, 16(2), 360-370. 
7. Li, C., Beauregard-Lacroix, E., Kondratev, C., Rousseau, J., Heo, A. J., Neas, K., Graham, B. H., Rosenfeld, J. A., Bacino, C. A., Wagner, M., Wenzel, M., Al Mutairi, F., Al Deiab, H., Gleeson, J. G., Stanley, V., Zaki, M. S., Kwon, Y. T., Leroux, M. R., & Campeau, P. M. UBR7 functions with UBR5 in the Notch signaling pathway and is involved in a neurodevelopmental syndrome with epilepsy, ptosis, and hypothyroidism American Journal of Human Genetics, 108(1), 134-147. 

1. Kravtsova-Ivantsiv, Y., Goldhirsh, G., Ivantsiv, A., Itzhak, O. B., Kwon, Y. T., Pikarsky, E., & Ciechanover, A. Excess of the NF-κB p50 subunit generated by the ubiquitin ligase KPC1 suppresses tumors via PD-L1-and chemokines-mediated mechanisms Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(47), 29823-29831. 
2. Ferroptotic agent-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress response plays a pivotal role in the autophagic process outcome Lee, Y. S., Kalimuthu, K., Seok Park, Y., Makala, H., Watkins, S. C., Choudry, M. H. A., Bartlett, D. L., Tae Kwon, Y., & Lee, Y. J. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 235(10), 6767-6778 
3. Hakim-Eshed, V., Boulos, A., Cohen-Rosenzweig, C., Yu-Taeger, L., Ziv, T., Kwon, Y. T., Riess, O., Nguyen, H. H. P., Ziv, N. E., & Ciechanover, A. Site-specific ubiquitination of pathogenic huntingtin attenuates its deleterious effects Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(31), 18661-18669. 
4. Choi, W. H., Yun, Y., Park, S., Jeon, J. H., Lee, J., Lee, J. H., Yang, S. A., Kim, N. K., Jung, C. H., Kwon, Y. T., Han, D., Lim, S. M., & Lee, M. J. Aggresomal sequestration and STUB1-mediated ubiquitylation during mammalian proteaphagy of inhibited proteasomes Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(32), 19190-19200. 
5. Han, H. J., Park, C., Hwang, J., Thimmegowda, N. R., Kim, S. O., Han, J., Woo, M., Shwetha, B., Ryoo, I. J., Lee, K. H., Cha-Molstad, H., Kwon, Y. T., Kim, B. Y., & Soung, N. K. CPPF, a novel microtubule targeting anticancer agent, inhibits the growth of a wide variety of cancers International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(13), 1-17. Article 4800. 
6. Kim, H. M., He, L., Lee, S., Park, C., Kim, D. H., Han, H. J., Han, J., Hwang, J., Cha-Molstad, H., Lee, K. H., Ko, S. K., Jang, J. H., Ryoo, I. J., Blenis, J., Lee, H. G., Ahn, J. S., Kwon, Y. T., Soung, N. K., & Kim, B. Y. Inhibition of osteoclasts differentiation by CDC2-induced NFATc1 phosphorylation Bone, 131, Article 115153. 
7. Kyun, M. L., Kim, S. O., Lee, H. G., Hwang, J. A., Hwang, J., Soung, N. K., Cha-Molstad, H., Lee, S., Kwon, Y. T., Kim, B. Y., & Lee, K. H. Wnt3a Stimulation Promotes Primary Ciliogenesis through β-Catenin Phosphorylation-Induced Reorganization of Centriolar Satellites Cell Reports, 30(5), 1447-1462.e5. 
8. Ji CH, Kim HY, Heo AJ, Lee MJ, Park DY, Kim DH, Kim BY, Kwon YT. Regulation of reticulophagy by the N-degron pathway Autophagy. Autophagy 

1. Oh BM, Lee SJ, Park GL, Hwang YS, Lim J, Park ES, Lee KH, Kim BY, Kwon YT, Cho HJ, Lee HG Erastin inhibits septic shock and inflammatory gene expression via suppression of the NF-kB Pathway. J Clin Med. 
2. Cohen-Kaplan, V., I. Livneh, Kwon YT, and Ciechanover A. Stress-Induced autophagic engulfment and degradation of the 26s proteasome. Methods Enzymology 
3. Kim DH, Ahn JS, Han HJ, Kim HM, Hwang J, Lee KH, Cha-Molstad H, Ryoo IJ, Jang JH, Ko SK, Yang JO, Lee HG, Lee S, Song EJ, Kim JY, Huh YH, Kwon YT, Soung NK, Kim BY Cep131 overexpression promotes centrosome amplification and colon cancer progression by regulating Plk4 stability. Cell Death Dis. 
4. Ji CH, Kim HY, Heo AJ, Lee SH, Lee MJ, Kim SB, Srinivasrao G., Mun SR, Cha-Molstad H, Ciechanover A., Choi CY, Lee HG, Kim BY, Kwon YT The N-Degron Pathway Mediates ER-phagy Mol Cell. 
5. Zhang, Y., Mun, S. R., Linares, J. F., Towers, C. G., Thorburn, A., Diaz-Meco, M. T., Kwon, Y. T., & Kutateladze, T. G. Mechanistic insight into the regulation of SQSTM1/p62 Autophagy, 15(4), 735-737.
6. Sun H, Mali S M., Singh S K. , Meledin R, Brik A, Kwon YT, Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Bercovich B, Ciechanover A. Diverse fate of ubiquitin chain moieties : the proximal is degraded with the target, and the distal protects the proximal from removal and recycles. PNAS 
7. Zhang, Y1, Mun SR, Linares JF, Towers CG, Thorburn A., Diaz-Meco MT, Kwon YT, Kutateladze TG. Mechanistic insight into the regulation of SQSTM1/p62. Autophagy 
8. Cohen-Kaplan, V., Livneh, I., Kwon, Y. T., & Ciechanover, A. Monitoring stress-induced autophagic engulfment and degradation of the 26S proteasome in mammalian cells In M. Hochstrasser (Ed.), Ubiquitin-dependent Protein Degradation (pp. 337-366). 
9. Kim DH, Kim HM, Huong PTT, Han HJ, Hwang J, Cha-Molstad H, Lee KH, Ryoo IJ, Kim KE, Huh YH, Ahn JS, Kwon YT, Soung NK, Kim BY. Enhanced anticancer effects of a methylation inhibitor by inhibiting a novel DNMT1 target, CEP 131, in cervical cancer. BMB Rep. 
10. Ahn JS, Soung N, Kim H, Asami Y, Kim DH, Cho Y, Naik R, Jang Y, Jang K, Han H, Ganipisetti SR, Cha-Molstad H, Hwang J, Lee KH, Ko S, Jang J, Ryoo I, Kwon YT, Lee KS, Osada H, Lee K, Kim BY. Mechanism of the natural product moracin-O derived MO-460 and its targeting protein hnRNPA2B1 on HIF-1α inhibition. Exp. Mol. Med. 

1. Zhang Y, Mun SR, Linares JF, Ahn JW, Towers CG., Ji CH, Fitzwalter BE., Holden MR., Mi W., Shi X, Moscat J., Thorburn A., Diaz-Meco MT., Kwon YT, Kutateladze TG. ZZ-dependent regulation of p62/SQSTM1 in autophagy. Nat Com. 
2. Kim ST, Lee YJ, Tasaki T., Mun SR, Hwang J, Kang MJ, Ganipisetti S., Eugene C. Yi, Kim BY, Kwon YT. The N-recognin UBR4 of the N-end rule pathway is targeted to and required for the biogenesis of the early endosome. Journal of Cell Science 
3. Kim ST, Lee YJ, Tasaki T., Hwang J, Kang MJ, Eugene C. Yi, Kim BY, Kwon YT. The N-recognin UBR4 of the N-end rule pathway is required for neurogenesis and homeostasis of cell surface proteins. PLos one 
4. Song, X., Lee, D. H., Dilly, A. K., Lee, Y. S., Choudry, H. A., Kwon, Y. T., Bartlett, D. L., & Lee, Y. J. Crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy is regulated by the arginylated BiP/Beclin-1/p62 complex Molecular Cancer Research, 16(7), 1077-1091. 
5. Lee DH, Kim D, Kim ST, Jeong S, Kim JL, Shim SM, Heo AJ, Song X, Guo JS, Bartlett D., Oh SC, Lee J, Saito Y., Kim BY, Kwon YT, Lee YJ PARK7 modulates autophagic proteolysis through binding to the N-terminally arginylated form of the molecular chaperone HSPA5. Autophagy 
6. Yoo YD, Mun SR, Ji CH, Sung KW, Kang KY, Heo AJ, Lee SH, An JY, Hwang J, Xie X., Ciechanover A., Kim BY, and Kwon YT . N-terminal arginylation generates a bimodal degron that modulates autophagic proteolysis. PNAS. 
7. Hwang J, Soung NK, Han HJ, Lee Y, Choi TW, Mun J, Cha-Molstad H, Lee KH, Kim HJ, Lee HG, Hong JT, Ahn JS, Kwon YT, Kim BY. A novel tubulin inhibitor STK899704 induces tumor regression in DMBA/TPA induced skin carcinogenesis model. Exp Dermatol. 
8. Shim SM, Choi HR, Sung KW, Lee YJ, Kim ST, Kim D, Mun SR, Hwang J, Cha-Molstad H, Ciechanover A, Kim BY, Kwon YT. The endoplasmic reticulum-residing chaperone BiP is short-lived and metabolized through N-terminal arginylation. Sci Signal. 
9. Cha-Molstad H, Lee SH, Kim JG, Sung KW, Hwang J, Shim SM, Ganipisetti S, McGuire T, Mook-Jung I, Ciechanover A, Xie XQ, Kim BY, Kwon YT. Regulation of autophagic proteolysis by the N-recognin SQSTM1/p62 of the N-end rule pathway. Autophagy. 
10. Lee KH, Hwang JA, Kim SO, Kim JH, Shin SC, Kim EE, Lee KS, Rhee K, Jeon BH, Bang JK, Cha-Molstad H, Soung NK, Jang JH, Ko SK, Lee HG, Ahn JS, Kwon YT, Kim BY. Phosphorylation of human enhancer filamentation 1 (HEF1) stimulates interaction with Polo-like kinase 1 leading to HEF1 localization to focal adhesions. J Biol Chem. 

1. Kwon YT, Ciechanover A. The Ubiquitin Code in the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Autophagy. Trends Biochem Sci. 
2. Ji CH, Kwon YT. Crosstalk and Interplay between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Autophagy. Mol Cells. 
3. Cha-Molstad H, Yu JE, Feng Z, Lee SH, Kim JG, Yang P, Han B, Sung KW, Yoo YD, Hwang J, McGuire T, Shim SM, Song HD, Ganipisetti S, Wang N, Jang JM, Lee MJ, Kim SJ, Lee KH, Hong JT, Ciechanover A, Mook-Jung I, Kim KP, Xie XQ, Kwon YT, Kim BY. p62/SQSTM1/Sequestosome-1 is an N-recognin of the N-end rule pathway which modulates autophagosome biogenesis. Nat Commun. 
4. Sun J, Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhao W, Zhai Q, Rathod S, Huang Y, Tang S, Kwon YT, Fernandez C, Venkataramanan R, Li S. Doxorubicin delivered by a redox-responsive dasatinib-containing polymeric prodrug carrier for combination therapy. J Control Release. 
5. Livneh I, Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Braten O, Kwon YT, Ciechanover A Monoubiquitination joins polyubiquitination as an esteemed proteasomal targeting signal.  
6. Ciechanover A, Kwon YT. Protein Quality Control by Molecular Chaperones in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci. 
7. Sakchaisri K, Kim SO, Hwang J, Soung NK, Lee KH, Choi TW, Lee Y, Park CM, Thimmegowda NR, Lee PY, Shwetha B, Srinivasrao G, Pham TT, Jang JH, Yum HW, Surh YJ, Lee KS, Park H, Kim SJ, Kwon YT, Ahn JS, Kim BY. Anticancer activity of a novel small molecule tubulin inhibitor STK899704. PLoS One. 
8. Yoo YD, Lee DH, Cha-Molstad H, Kim H, Mun SR, Ji C, Park SH, Sung KS, Choi SA, Hwang J, Park DM, Kim SK, Park KJ, Kang SH, Oh SC, Ciechanover A, Lee YJ, Kim BY, Kwon YT. Glioma-derived cancer stem cells are hypersensitive to proteasomal inhibition. EMBO Rep. 

1. Jiang Y, Lee J, Lee JH, Lee JW, Kim JH, Choi WH, Yoo YD, Cha-Molstad H, Kim BY, Kwon YT, Noh SA, Kim KP, Lee MJ. The arginylation branch of the N-end rule pathway positively regulates cellular autophagic flux and clearance of proteotoxic proteins. Autophagy 
2. Cohen-Kaplan V, Livneh I, Avni N, Fabre B, Ziv T, Kwon YT, Ciechanover A p62- and ubiquitin-dependent stress-induced autophagy of the mammalian 26S proteasome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 
3. Kim E, Kim S, Lee JH, Kwon YT, Lee MJ. Ablation of Arg-tRNA-protein transferases results in defective neural tube development. BMB Rep. 
4. Braten O, Livneh I, Ziv T, Admon A, Kehat I, Caspi LH, Gonen H, Bercovich B, Godzik A, Jahandideh S, Jaroszewski L, Sommer T, Kwon YT, Guharoy M, Tompa P, Ciechanover A. Numerous proteins with unique characteristics are degraded by the 26S proteasome following monoubiquitination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 
5. Lee, D. H., Sung, K. S., Guo, Z. S., Kwon, W. T., Bartlett, D. L., Oh, S. C., Kwon, Y. T., & Lee, Y. J. TRAIL-Induced Caspase Activation Is a Prerequisite for Activation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Signal Transduction Pathways Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 117(5), 1078-1091. 
6. Cha-Molstad H, Yu JE, Lee SH, Kim JG, Sung KS, Hwang J, Yoo YD, Lee YJ, Kim ST, Lee DH, Ciechanover A, Kim BY, Kwon YT. Modulation of SQSTM1/p62 activity by N-terminal arginylation of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone HSPA5/GRP78/BiP. Autophagy 
7. Kim, S.Y., S.H. Hong, P.H. Basse, C. Wu, D.L. Bartlett, Y.T. Kwon, Y.J. Lee. Cancer Stem Cells Protect Non-Stem Cells from Anoikis: Bystander Effects. J Cell Biochem 
8. Klionsly, A. et al. Guidelines for the Use and Interpretation of Assays for Monitoring Autophagy autophagy 
9. Lee YJ, Song X, Hong SH, Kwon WT, Bailey LM, Basse P, Bartlett DL, Kwon YT. Secretory TRAIL-armed Natural Killer Cell-based Therapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Colorectal Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Xenograft. Mol Cancer Ther.

1. Song, X., A. Dilly, M.H. Choudry, D. Bartlett, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. Hypoxia promotes synergy between mitomycin C and bortezomib through a coordinated process of Bcl-xL phosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of p53. Mol. Cancer Res. (in press) 
2. Lee, J.H., Y. Jiang, Y.T. Kwon, and M.J. Lee. Pharmacological modulation of the N-end rule pathway and its therapeutic implications. Trends Pharm. Sci. (TiPS) S0165-6147(15)00154-6. 
3. Yoo, Y.D. and Y.T. Kwon. Molecular mechanisms controlling asymmetric and symmetric self-renewal of cancer stem cells. J. Anal. Sci. Tech. (in press) 
4. Cha-Molstad, H., Y.T. Kwon, and B.Y. Kim Amino-terminal arginylation as a degradation signal for selective autophagy. BMB Reports 48:487-488. 
5. Lee, D.H., K.S. Sung, Z.S. Guo, W.T. Kwon, D.L. Bartlett, S.C. Oh, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. TRAIL-induced caspase activation is a prerequisite for activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced signal transduction pathways. Cell. Biochem. (Jul 24. doi: 10.1002/jcb.25289, Epub ahead of print) 
6. Cha-Molstad H, Sung KS, Hwang J, Kim KA, Yu JE, Yoo YD, Jang JM, Han DH, Molstad M, Kim JG, Lee YJ, Zakrzewska A, Kim SH, Kim ST, Kim SY, Lee HG, Soung NK, Ahn JS, Ciechanover A, Kim BY, Kwon YT. Amino-terminal arginylation targets endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP for autophagy through p62 binding. Nat Cell Biol. 2015 Jun 15. doi: 10.1038/ncb3177. 
7. P. Zhang, Y. Huang, Y.T. Kwon, and S. Li. PEGylated Fmoc-amino acid conjugates as effective nanocarriers for improved drug delivery. Mol. Pharmaceutics (in press) 
8. Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Shomer I, Cohen-Kaplan V, Snijder B, Superti-Furga G, Gonen H, Sommer T, Ziv T, Admon A, Naroditsky I, Jbara M, Brik A, Pikarsky E, Kwon YT, Doweck I, Ciechanover A. KPC1-Mediated Ubiquitination and Proteasomal Processing of NF-κB1 p105 to p50 Restricts Tumor Growth. Cell. 2015 Apr 9;161(2):333-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.03.001. 
9. Ciechanover A, Kwon YT. Degradation of misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases: therapeutic targets and strategies. Exp Mol Med. 2015 Mar 13;47:e147. doi: 10.1038/emm.2014.117. 
10. Lee D, K.S. Sung, D.L. Bartlett, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis by suppressing the JAK2-STAT3-Mcl-1 signal transduction pathway in colorectal cancer cells. Cell Signaling, 27:293-305. 
11. Kravtsova-Ivantsiv, Y., Y.T. Kwon, and A. Ciechanover. Role of the ubiquitin ligase KPC1 in NF-κB activation and tumor suppression. J. Anal. Sci. Tech. (in press)
12. Klionsly, A. et al. Guidelines for the Use and Interpretation of Assays for Monitoring Autophagy Autophagy (in press)

1. X. Song, S.Y. Kim, L. Zhang, D. Tang, D.L. Bartlett, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. Role of Bcl-xL/Beclin-1 in synergistic apoptotic effects of secretory TRAIL-armed adenovirus in combination with mitomycin C and hyperthermia on colon cancer cells. Apoptosis 19:1603-1615. 
2. Y. Lee, X. Song, S.Y. Kim, L. Zhang, D. Tang, D. Bartlett, and Y.T. Kwon. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy in human colon cancer. Cell Death Disease e1504. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2014.463. 

1. Kim, S. O., Sakchaisri, K., Thimmegowda, N. R., Soung, N. K., Jang, J. H., Kim, Y. S., Lee, K. S., Kwon, Y. T., Asami, Y., Ahn, J. S., Erikson, R. L., & Kim, B. Y. STK295900, a Dual Inhibitor of Topoisomerase 1 and 2, Induces G2 Arrest in the Absence of DNA Damage PLoS ONE, 8(1), Article e53908. 
2. T. Tasaki, S.T. Kim, A. Zakrzewska, B.E. Lee, M. Kang, Y.D. Yoo, J. Hwang, N.K. Sung, K.S. Sung, S. Kim, M.D. Nguyen, M. Sun, E.C. Yi, B.Y. Kim, and Y.T. Kwon. UBR4, an N-recognin of the N-end rule pathway, and its role in yolk sac vascular development and autophagy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110:3800-3805. 
3. Kim, S.T., T. Tasaki, A. Zakrzewska, Y.D. Yoo, K.S. Sung, S. Kim, H. Cha-Molstad, J. Hwang, K.A. Kim, B.Y. Kim, and Y.T. Kwon. The N-end rule proteolytic system in autophagy. Autophagy  
4. Boso, G, T. Tasaki, Y.T. Kwon, and N.V. Somia. The N-end rule and retroviral infection: no effect on integrase. Virology J. 
5. Zhang, G., R. Lin, Y.T. Kwon, and Y. Li. Signaling mechanism of tumor cell-induced upregulation of E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR2/E3?-II. FASEB J. 
6. M. Kang, H.P. Kim, K.S. Lee, Y.D. Yoo, Y.T Kwon, T.Y. Kim and E.C. Yi. Proteomic analysis reveals that CD147/EMMPRIN confers chemoresistance in cancer stem cell-like cells. Proteomics 
7. Yoo, Y.D., D.H. Han, J.M. Jang, A. Zakrzewska, S.Y. Kim, Y.J. Lee, and Y.T. Kwon. Molecular characteristics of cancer stem-like cells derived from human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 33:763-777 
8. Song, X., S. Kim, Z. Zhou, E. Lagasse, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. Hyperthermia enhances mapatumumab-induced apoptotic death through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of cellular FLIP(long) in human colon cancer cells. Cell Death Diseases. 
9. Kim, S.O., K. Sakchaisri, N.K. Soung, J.H. Jang, Y.S. Kim, K.S. Lee, Y.T. Kwon, Y. Asami, J.S. Ahn, R.L. Erikson, and Kim BY. STK295900, a Dual Inhibitor of Topoisomerase 1 and 2, Induces G(2) Arrest in the Absence of DNA Damage. PLoS One 8:e53908. 
10. Kim, S.Y., J.W. Kang, X. Song, B.K. Kim, Y.D. Yoo, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. Role of the IL-6-JAK1-STAT3-Oct-4 pathway in the conversion of non-stem cancer cells into cancer stem-like cells. PLoS One 
11. He, L., J.H. Jang, H.G. Choi, S.M. Lee, M.H. Nan, S.J. Jeong, Z.D., Y.T. Kwon, K.S. Lee, K.W. Lee, J.K. Chung, J.S. Ahn and B.Y. Kim. Oligomycin A Enhances Apoptotic Effect of TRAIL through CHOP-mediated Death Receptor 5 Expression. Mol. Carcinogenesis52:85-93. 
12. He L, Lee J, Jang JH, Sakchaisri K, Hwang J, Cha-Molstad HJ, Kim KA, Ryoo IJ, Lee HG, Kim SO, Soung NK, Lee KS, Kwon YT, Erikson RL, Ahn JS, Kim BY. Osteoporosis regulation by salubrinal through eIF2a mediated differentiation of osteoclast and osteoblast. PLoS One 25:552-560. 
13. Huong, P.T., N.K. Soung, J.H. Jang, H.J. Cha-Molstad, K. Sakchaisri, S.O. Kim, J.M. Jang, K.E. Kim, K.S. Lee, Y.T. Kwon, R.L. Erikson, J.S. Ahn, and B.Y. Kim. Regulation of CEP131 gene expression by SP1. Gene 513:75-81. 
14. An. J.Y., E. Kim, A. Zakrzewska, Y.D. Yoo, J.M. Jang, D.H. Han, M.J. Lee, Y.J. Lee, T.Y. Kim, D.G. de Rooij, B.Y. Kim, and Y.T. Kwon. UBR2 of the N-end rule pathway is required for chromosome stability via histone ubiquitylation in spermatocytes and somatic cells. PLoS One 7:e37414. 
15. An, J.Y., E. Kim, Y. Jiang, A. Zakrzewska, D.E. Kim, M.J. Lee, I. Mook-Jung, Y. Zhang, and Y.T. Kwon. UBR2 mediates transcriptional silencing during spermatogenesis via histone ubiquitination. Proc. Natl. Acd. Sci. USA. 107:1912-1917. 
16. Kwon, Y.T., H.W. Lee, and H.M. Rho. Cloning, sequencing and expression of a minor protease-encoding gene from Serratia marcescens ATCC 21074. Gene 125:75-80. 

1. An, J. Y., Kim, E., Zakrzewska, A., Yoo, Y. D., Jang, J. M., Han, D. H., Lee, M. J., Seo, J. W., Lee, Y. J., Kim, T. Y., de Rooij, D. G., Kim, B. Y., & Kwon, Y. T. UBR2 of the N-end rule pathway is required for chromosome stability via histone ubiquitylation in spermatocytes and somatic cells PLoS ONE, 7(5), Article e37414. 
2. Lee, M.J., D.E. Kim, A. Zakrzewska, S. Kim, S.T. Kim, J.W. Seo, Y.S. Lee, G.W. Dorn II, B.Y. Kim, and Y.T. Kwon. Characterization of the arginylation branch of the N-end rule pathway in G-protein-mediated proliferation and signaling of cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 287:24043-24052. 
3. Tasaki, T., S.M. Sriram, K.S. Park, and Y.T. Kwon. The N-end rule pathway. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 81:261-289. 
4. Kwon, O., N.K. Soung, N.R. Thimmegowda, S.J. Jeong, J.H. Jang, D.O. Moon, J.K. Chung, K.S. Lee, Y.T. Kwon, R.L. Erikson, J.S. Ahn, and Kim BY. Patulin induces colorectal cancer cells apoptosis through EGR-1 dependent ATF3 up-regulation. Cell Signaling 24:943-950. 
5. Meisenberg, C., P.S. Tait, I.I. Dianova, K. Wright, M.J. Edelmann, N. Ternette, T. Tasaki, B.M. Kessler, J.L. Parsons, Y.T. Kwon and G.L. Dianov. Ubiquitin ligase UBR3 regulates cellular levels of the essential DNA repair protein APE1 and is required for genome stability. Nuc. Acids Res. 40:701-711. 

1. Sriram, S.M., B.Y. Kim, and Y.T. Kwon. The N-end rule pathway: emerging functions and molecular principles of substrate recognition. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:735-747. 
2. Sriram, S.M., D.H. Han, and S.T. Kim. Partners in crime: ubiquitin-mediated degradation and autophagy. Science Signal.4:jc4, 2011. (This paper is by Shashi Sriram and Sung Tae Kim, two students in my lab.) 

1. Kwon, Y., Choi, S., Anantharaju, N., Lee, J., Panchagnula, M. V., & Patankar, N. A. Is the Cassie-Baxter formula relevant? Langmuir, 26(22), 17528-17531. 
2. An, J. Y., Kim, E. A., Jiang, Y., Zakrzewska, A., Kim, D. E., Lee, M. J., Mook-Jung, I., Zhang, Y., & Kwon, Y. T. UBR2 mediates transcriptional silencing during spermatogenesis via histone ubiquitination Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(5), 1912-1917. 
3. Yang, F. Y. Cheng, Y.T. Kwon, S. Eckardt, N.A. Leu, K.J. McLaughlin, and P.J. Wang. UBR2, the ubiquitin E3 ligase of the N-end rule pathway, interacts with and stabilizes TEX19 in spermatogenesis. PLoS One 5:e14017. 
4. Sriram, S.M. and Y.T. Kwon. The molecular principles of N-end rule recognition. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17:1164-1165. 
5. Song, J.J., M. Szczepanski, D. Bartlett, Y.T. Kwon, M.A. Alcala, and Y.J. Lee. c-Cbl-mediated degradation of TRAIL receptors is responsible for the development of the early phase of TRAIL resistance. Cell. Signaling. 22:553-563. 

1. Sriram, S.M., R.S. Kane, and Y.T. Kwon. Multivalency-assisted control of intracellular signaling pathways: application for ubiquitin-dependent N-end rule pathway. Chem. Biol. 16:121-131. 
2. Tasaki, T., A. Zakrzewska, D.D. Dudgeon, Y. Jiang, J.S. Lazo, and Y.T. Kwon. The substrate recognition domains of the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 284:1884-1895. 
3. Jeong, J.H., J.Y. An, Y.T. Kwon, J.G. Rhee, and Y.J. Lee. Effects of low dose quercetin: Cancer cell-specific inhibition of cell cycle progression. J. Cell Biochem. 106:73-82. 

1. Lee, M. J.K. Pal, T. Tasaki, S. Roy, Y. Jiang, J.Y. An, R. Banerjee, and Y.T. Kwon. Synthetic heterovalent inhibitors targeting recognition E3 components of the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 105:100-105. 
2. Jeong, J.H., J.Y. An, Y.T. Kwon, L. Li, and Y.J. Lee. Quercetin-induced ubiquitination and down-regulation of Her-2/neu. J. Cell. Biochem. 105:585-595. 

1. Tasaki, T. and Y.T. Kwon. The mammalian N-end rule pathway: new insights into its components and physiological roles. Trends Biochem. Sci. 32:520-528. 
2. Tasaki, T., R. Sohr, R. Hellweg, H. H?rtnagl, A. Varshavsky, and Y.T. Kwon. Biochemical and genetic studies of UBR3, a ubiquitin ligase with a function in olfactory and other sensory systems. PLoS One 282:18510-18520. 
3. Song, J.J., J.Y. An, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. Evidence for two modes of development of acquired TRAIL resistance: Involvement of Bcl-xL. PLoS One 282:319-328. 

1. E. Chen, Y. T. Kwon, M. S. Lim, I. D. Dube, M. R. Hough Loss of Ubr1 promotes aneuploidy and accelerates B-cell lymphomagenesis in TLX1/HOX11-transgenic mice Oncogene, 25(42), 5752-5763 
2. Ouyang, Y., Kwon, Y. T., An, J. Y., Eller, D., Tsai, S. C., Diaz-Perez, S., Troke, J. J., Teitell, M. A., & Marahrens, Y. Loss of Ubr2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, leads to chromosome fragility and impaired homologous recombinational repair Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 596(1-2 SPEC. ISS.), 64-75. 
3. Zenker M, Mayerle J, Lerch MM, Tagariello A, Zerres K, Durie PR, Beier M, Hulskamp G, Guzman C, Rehder H, Beemer FA, Hamel B, Vanlieferinghen P, Gershoni-Baruch R, Vieira MW, Dumic M, Auslender R, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, Steinlicht S, Rauh M, Shalev SA, Thiel C, Ekici AB, Winterpacht A, Kwon YT, Varshavsky A, Reis A. Erratum: Deficiency of UBR1, a ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway, causes pancreatic dysfunction, malformations and mental retardation (Johanson-Blizzard syndrome) Nature Genetics (2005) 37 (1345-1350) 
4. An, J.Y., J.W. Seo, T. Tasaki, M.J. Lee, A. Varshavsky, and Y.T. Kwon. Impaired neurogenesis and cardiovascular development in mice lacking the E3 ubiquitin ligases UBR1 and UBR2 of the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 103:6212-6117. 
5. Hu, R.G., C.S. Brower, H. Wang, I.V. Davydov, J. Sheng, J. Zhou, Y.T. Kwon, and A. Varshavsky. Arginyl-transferase: specificity, putative substrates, bidirectional promoter, and splicing-derived isoforms. PLoS One 281:32559-32573. 
6. Chen, E., Y.T. Kwon, M.S. Lim, S. Kablar, I.D. Dub?, M.R. Hough. Proviral disruption of the UBR1 locus accelerates B cell lymphomagenesis in HOX11-transgenic mice. Oncogene 25:5752-5763.
7. Kim, K. M., J.J. Song, J.Y. An, Y.T. Kwon, and Y.J. Lee. Pretreatment of acetyl salicylic acid promotes trail-induced apoptosis by downregulating bcl-2 gene expression. PLoS One 280:41047-41056. 

1. Kim, K. M., Song, J. J., An, J. Y., Kwon, Y. T., & Lee, Y. J. Pretreatment of acetylsalicylic acid promotes tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis by down-regulating BCL-2 gene expression Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(49), 41047-41056. 
2. Zenker, M., J. Mayerle, M. Lerch, A. Tagariello, K. Zerres, P.R. Durie, M. Beier, G. H?lskamp, C. Guzman, H. Rehder, F. Beemer, B. Hame, M.W. Vieira, M. Dumic, R. Auslander, V.L. Lopes, S. Steinlicht, M. Rauh, S.A. Shalev, A. Winterpacht, Y.T. Kwon, A. Varshavsky, and A. Reis. Deficiency of UBR1, a ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway, causes pancreatic dysfunction, malformations and mental retardation (Johanson-Blizzard syndrome). Nat. Genet. 37:1345-1350. 
3. Lee, M. J., T. Tasaki, J.Y. An, K. Moroi, I. Davydov, and Y.T. Kwon. RGS4 and RGS5 are in vivo substrates of the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 102:15030-15035. 
4. Tasaki, T., L. Mulder, A. Iwamatsu, M.J. Lee, I. Davydov, A. Varshavsky, M. Muesing, and Y.T. Kwon. A family of mammalian E3 ubiquitin ligases that contain the UBR motif and recognize N degrons. Mol. Cell Biol. 25:7120-7136. 

1. Yin, J., Y.T. Kwon, A. Varshavsky, and W. Wang. RECQ4, mutated in the Rothmund-Thomson and Rapadilino syndromes, interacts with ubiquitin ligases UBR1 and UBR2 of the N-end rule pathway. Hum. Mol. Genet. 13:2421-2430. 
2. Baumeister, W, A. Bachmair, V. Chau, R. Cohen, P. Coffino, G. Demartino, R. Deshaies, J. Dohmen, S. Emr, D. Finley, R. Hampton, C. Hill, M. Hochstrasser, R. Huber, P. Jackson, S. Jentsch, E. Johnson, Y.T. Kwon, M. Pagano, C. Pickart, M. Rechsteiner, W. Tansey, M. Tyers, R. Vierstra, A. Weissman, K. D. Wilkinson, D. Wolf. Varshavsky's contributions. untitled Science 306:1290-1292. 

1. Kwon, Y.T.*, Z.X. Xia, J.Y. An, T. Tasaki, I. Davydov, J.W. Seo, J. Sheng, Y. Xie, and A. Varshavsky. Female lethality and apoptosis of spermatocytes in mice lacking the UBR2 ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:8255-8271. * corresponding author 

1. Kwon, Y.T., A.S. Kashina, I.V. Davydov, R.G. Hu, J.Y. An, J.W. Seo, F. Du, and A. Varshavsky. An essential role of N-terminal arginylation in cardiovascular development. Science 297:96-99. 

1. Balogh, S.A., C.S. McDowell, Y.T. Kwon, V.H. Denenberg. Facilitated stimulus-response associative learning and long-term memory in mice lacking the NTAN1 amidase of the N-end rule pathway. Brain Res. 892:336-343 
2. Kwon, Y.T., Z.X. Xia, I.V. Davydov, S.H. Lecker, and A. Varshavsky. Construction and analysis of mouse strains lacking the ubiquitin ligase UBR1 (E3?) of the N-end rule pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:8007-8021. 

1. Balogh, S. A., Y. T. Kwon, and V. H. Denenberg. Varying intertrial interval reveals temporally defined memory deficits and enhancements in NTAN1-deficient mice. Learn. Mem. 7:279-286. 
2. Kwon, Y.T., S.A. Balogh, I.V. Davydov, A.S. Kashina, J.K. Yoon, Y. Xie, V.H. Denenberg, and A. Varshavsky. Altered activity, social behavior, and spatial memory in mice lacking the NTAN1p amidase and the asparagine branch of the N-end rule pathway. b>Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:4135-4148. 

1. ecker, S.H., V. Solomon, S.R. Price, Y.T. Kwon, W.E. Mitch, and A.L. Goldberg. Ubiquitin conjugation by the N-end rule pathway and mRNAs for its components increase in muscles of diabetic rats. J. Clin. Invest. 104:1411-1420. 
2. Kwon, Y.T., A.S. Kashina, and A. Varshavsky. Alternative splicing results in differential expression, activity and localization of the two forms of arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase, a component of the N-end rule pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:182-193. 
3. Kwon, Y.T., F. L?vy, and A. Varshavsky. Bivalent inhibitor of the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 274:18135-18139. 

1. Kwon, Y.T., Y. Reiss, A. Hershko, V. Fried, D.K. Gonda, P.R.H. Waller, N.A. Jenkins, N.G. Copeland, and A. Varshavsky. Mouse and human genes encoding the recognition component of the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 95:7898-7903. 
2. Varshavsky, A. et al. The N-end rule pathway. p 223-278. In J.-M. Peters, J. R. Harris, and D. Finley (ed.), Ubiquitin and the Biology of the Cell. Plenum Press, New York.

1. Varshavsky, A., Byrd, C., & Kwon, Y. T. Recent studies of the n-end rule pathway. FASEB Journal, 11(9), A995.

1. Grigoryev, S., A.E. Stewart, Y.T. Kwon, S.M. Arfin, R.A. Bradshaw, N.A. Jenkins, N.G. Copeland, and A. Varshavsky. A mouse amidase specific for N-terminal asparagine: the gene, the enzyme, and their function in the N-end rule pathway. PLoS One 271:28521-28532. 

1. Kwon, Y.T., J.O. Kim, S.Y. Moon, Y.D. Yoo, and H.M. Rho. Cloning and characterization of the gene encoding an extracellular alkaline protease from alkalophilic Vibrio metschnikovii strain RH530. Gene 152:59-63. 

1. Kwon, Y.T., J.O. Kim, S.Y. Moon, H.W. Lee, and H.M. Rho. Extracellular alkaline proteases from alkalophilic Vibrio metschnikovii strain RH530. Biotechnol. Letters 16:413-418.

1. Lee, H.J., Kwon, Y.T., Rho, H.M. et al. Expression of hepatitis B virus polyherase gene in E. coli.. Biotechnol Lett 15(8), 821-826 
2. Kwon YT, Lee HH, Rho HM. Cloning, sequencing, and expression of a minor protease-encoding gene from Serratia marcescens ATCC21074. Gene . 125(1):75-80 
3. Kwon, Y.T.. Studies on the extracellular proteases from alkalophilic Vibrio metschnikovii strain RH530. Doctoral Thesis. Seoul National University, Korea.

1. Kwon, Y.T., S.Y. Moon, J.O. Kim, Y.H. Kho, and H.M. Rho. Characterization of extracellular proteases from alkalophilic Vibrio sp. strain RH530. Kor. J. Microbiol. 30:501-506.

1. Kwon, Y.T. Characterization of BmaI methylase from Bacillus macerans ATCC 8244. Kor. J. Microbiol. 26:88-92.
2. Kwon, Y.T. Characterization of BmaI endonuclease from Bacillus macerans ATCC 8244. Kor. J. Microbiol. 26:1-5.
3. Kwon, Y.T. Characterization of the restriction and modification enzymes from Bacillus macerans. Thesis for Master of Science , Seoul National University, South Korea.